Step 4 – Activity 3: Connectors vs. non-connectors 1

In the Arabic alphabet, non-connectors are letters that do not connect to the following letter when written in a word, even if the next letter is eligible for connection. This results in a break in the flow of the script. There are six non-connector letters: أ (Alif), د (Dal), ذ (Dhal), ر (Ra), ز (Zay), and و (Waw). When these letters appear at the beginning of a word, they stand alone, and when they appear in the middle, the preceding letter connects to them, but they do not extend the connection to the next letter. This characteristic affects Arabic handwriting and calligraphy, influencing the overall shape and structure of words.